Computing-machine



L. E, GMS.A 4COMPUUNG MACHME. APPLICATION FLED OCT: 2919.

Patented Mall. 1, 1921l m mm1 gum miauw@ 1U un l Underwood-Hanson type,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

LOUIS E. GILE, OF'NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO UNDEWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N.

Y., A GOILPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

COMPUTING-MACHINE.

Specification ofLetters Patent, Y

VPatented Mar. 1, 1921.

Application led October 18, 1919. Serial No. -331,585.

To all whom it may concern: u. n Beit known that I, LOUIS E. G1LEs,`a .citi- Azen of the United States, residing in'New lYork, in the county of ycation.

This invention relates to improvements 1n machines, and especially to machines capable of effecting algebraic computations, that is, of adding positive and negative numbers irrespective of their relative'magnitudes, and of indicating the correct result, whether positive or negative,

f The invention is herein disclosed as an improvement on a computing machine of the such as the one illustrated and described in the Patent, No. 1,278,812, granted September 10, 1918, to Hans Hanson, but is adapted for use in connection with any computing machine having aregister or totalizer comprising movable number wheels or other figure-carrying elements, and means folzeffecting either' adtion or subtraction by varying the positions of said figure-carrying elements.

In the form in Which the invention is herein disclosed, the end sought to .bel attained is accomplished in a very simple and, practicable manner by providing a duplicate set -of figure-bearing elements or number wheels, corresponding in number and relative arrangement with the number wheels of the totalizer, each wheel of the set being connected, by means of an idler, with the corresponding totalizer number wheel, and by providing for the added set of number wheels indexing means, herein disclosed as a double-width sight-opening, for concomitantly directing attention to two or more rows o the figures thereon. The number wheels of the added set are so geared or connected to those of the totalizer and the sight-openings are so disposed relatively computing to said wheels that whenever a 0 appears at the sight-opening of the totalizer, a 0 anda 9 will appear at the sight-opening of thel added set of wheels. With such a willbe seen that the desired end is attained without the use of special carrying mechanism, mechanically-operated shutters, or other complicated mechanism, thus providing a very simple and practical device which will be inexpensive to produce, and not likely to get out oforder and disable thernachine, or cause it to give erroneous results.'

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear'.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure' -1 is a top view of the front portion of a computing machine of the Underwood-Hanson type, showing the novel relations between the figures on the number wheels and the indeiring' means or sightopenings in accordance with one embodiment of my inventlon.

vI" ig. 2 is a section throughv the front poition of the' machine, including an end viewy of the usual totalizer, the added set of number wheels, and the idlers by which the wheels of the added set are geared to the and to their respective sight-openings.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are views of the exposed portions of the number wheels and their indexing means orsight-openings, illustrating different relative positions assumed by the number Wheels to indicatevarious totalizer readings.

As herein disclosed, the referpnce character 20 (Figs. 1 and 2) represents the front part of the casing of an Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine, including the usual sight-opening 21, through which readings may be taken from the usual totalizer 22, comprising the usual number wheels 23 and rack-bars 24. The usual tens-carrying mechanism for the totalizer and the mechanism for advancing the racks-bars, so as to operate the number Wheels are fully disclosed in the aforesaid Hanson patent, andthe machine therein illustrated 'y and described is in common use. closure of the computing mechanism need not therefore be set forth in detail herein.

The dis- Geared to each of the number wheels 23,

by means of an idler 25, is a corresponding number wheel 26, of a secondary or subsidiary` set of numberwheels 27, the connecmum f und o 0ppm i of ou@ mm us is ugual ou auch muzuscH- 9G uhmm ummm.;

ifs

dum

' mi: Hw larg-@ssii nummer bif wf adding whos?, Ilum- 10G which i5: is lxlven c positive numbers. 'exc ffii 11 large numbero'f succ@ um chaire@ i Qs m comme? ce a wiss, 'the machine m 120 mance o fiof.

f YReferringagain servedthat the .last figure in thev upper row of. figures, exposedfby `iiiv is' a )si nificant figure, 4 jot 4ier than 0.- Whenever the negative quantityl -is andipartly .from-the Yupper-row, as in? 4(Treated the @lines-fat and 3 1 'figures inclosed in broken (Fig. to Fig. 14,

it may be ob the wide sight-openthat .'is, a digit this is the case, read wholly from as at 30 (Fig. 4),

the lower grow of figures,

exceptthat tliefigure of lowest or units delnominational order is read from thel upper '-row,i`a`s indicated in broken lilies at 31.

'16 cumulated inthe totalizer another negative "'quentityfas -'coriect result, found', as indicated in Fig. lv,fp artlyin the' res and .partly in the up-V z Should vthe ,machine now be o crated in an attempt to add to the sumv a readyacfor example, "4,836,026, the -5,698,0()0, will Aagain be lowerr'iowfof figu r row, that is, the first three figures, 569,

Awill beffound in thelower row, as indicated in'brolten lines 1m32, and the last -four figf ures, 8000, will be'lfound in rthe upper row, l 25 as indicated injbroken'lines at 33. It may v`m'jobserv ed ,that the figures read from the v therefore be read .directly from the figures of the subsidiaiy'number wheels exposed at the wide sight-opening ,i 4'ber-ing that all except `upper row includev but one significant fig- .,ure followed .by a series of O s, .and this will 'be 30 found -to be invariably .the case. The lastsignificant figure of a negative result will always be 'the last significant figure of the upper row `of figures exposed at lthelower or wide sightlopeningQS, andthe other significant 'figures will be found in the lower row.y A negative result may by merely rememthe last significant figure must be taken from the lower row and the last significant figure from the up- ,Whenever t er row.

The reading is always negative andA must tbe taken in -the above-described inanner whenever the fthehighest denominational order is exposed 99 of 'the number wheel of at" the upper or narrow sight-opening.

enumber wheel of highest v.denoininational order of the totalizer exposes aO at vthe upperor narrow sight-opening, the result is positive and is to be read directly from' the single row of figures at Athat sight-opening 4l The 'above-stated in the usual manner.

rule is simple and invvariable in its application, and could be readily mastered by an operative in a neglif ehinew'th' the same so,

- sight-opening -with either set of'nurnber either 'set of figures may be used to ,exhibit gible' space of time, after which the negative readings may be taken from the ma.- degree of ease and aecui'acy as in reading the positive results in an ordinary totalizer.

It will be obvious that the double-width may be used Ain lconnection wheels, and that positive results, 4the other being used to exhibit negative results.- l

1f desired, the figures on number wheels those of` the totalizer "itself, as by the subsi diary "i and those of the subsidiary7 set red, to indicate negative' results. his, however,`is 1n no manner necessary, since the difference in location and width of the y be relied upon as a sight-openings may I from which number means for. determining wheels results of either taken.- i

' Any appropriate means maybe lsubsti- 50 tuted lfor the idlers for causing correspond# ing wheels of the two sets to be concoinitantlyi `rotated. In 'the form herein d is- ;closed', the' number wheels of the respective 'sets rotate in the saine direction, and the 85 figures on one set are duplicates of those fon vthe other, except that they are arranged in inverse increasing order of magnitude, that is, rotation, such as to. expose figures on'one wheel in increasing order of magnb, 90

tude, causesthose of the 'other to be exposed in decreasing'order of magnitude. Should the wheels be so geared or connected as to rotate in 'opposite direcltions, the figures should be applied to the number wheels in 9,5

the saine relative order, `so as to to the sight-openings in explained above.

Variations may scope of the invention, improvements may be used without others. Having thus described my invention,

claim be brought 1. l-n an algebraic computing machine, in l i set of number wheels havcombination, a ving figures by which positive results may be represented, a second set of number wheels havingv figures by which 'negative results may 'be represented, .means for causing each to rotate rconcoinitantly with the corresponding wheel of the wheel of the second set first set, indexing means for directing attention to one row of figures on the wheels of one of said sets vfrom which a reading of one character may be taken, and indexing figures by .which positive results may be means for directing 1 25 indexing row of said figures from.

betaken, a second set represented, attention to one which a reading may of number wheels having figuires from `which en,means for causing each wheel of the second set to ro-, 130

a negative result may be ta may be differentiated from making .70 those of the totalizer black, to' indicate posiytive results,

character are to be the inverse order be resorted toiw'itliin the i and portions of the 100 figures of oiie row and partly from CIK . having tate coneoniitantlv with-a corresponding wheel of the lir't set, and indexingl means tor cmicomitantly directing attention to two rows of the figures on the wheels ot the second set, from which a reading may be taken, parti;Y from the ligures of one row and partly troni those oftho other.

3. in an algebraic computing machine, in combination. a set of number wheels having ligures bj; which positive results ma;7 be represented. a second set of number `wheels figures h v which negative results maj.' oe represented, means Ytor causing each wheel of the second set to rotate concomi` tan'l; with the corresponding wheel of the i s s, and an index Vtor said wheels having sight-openings for exposing one row only ot the iigures on the wheels ot one ot said sets. and i'or concomitantlv exposing t'wo rows ot the ifigures on the wheels ot the other of said sets.

-t. ln a computing machine, in combination, a set of number wheels having ligures b v which positive results mayY be represented, an index tor said wheels having a sight-opening 'tor exposing one row only of the ligures thereon, a second set of number wheels having figures b v which negative results may he represented, means 'for causing each wheel or the second set to rotate concomitantlv with the corresponding wheel et the tirs-t set, and an index for the wheels of said second set having a sight-opening for concomitantlyv exposing two rows of the figures thereon.

ln an algebraic computing machine, in combination, a set Aof number wheels, each having tigures thereon including a 0 and the digits l to 9 ",a second set of number wheels.y each having' figures thereon including a O and the digits f l to 9 means tor -ausing each wheel or the-second set. to be rotated concomitanti;Y with a corresponding wheel of the liifst set, and indexing means for concomitantlv directing attention to one row of the figures-on one of said sets and to two rows of the figures on the other of said sets, the relative positions ot the figures on the two sets of number wheels being so related to eachother and to the posit-ions orn the indexing means that an indexed digit ot a wheel of one set when added first to one and then to the other of the two indexed digits of the corresponding wheel ot' the other set will add i 9 and lO respectively.

6, In an algebraic computing machine, in combination, a set of number wheels, each having 'figures thereon comprising a 0 and the digits l to 9, a second set of number wheels, each having figures threon including a t) and the digits i to S) 2 means for causing each wheel of the second set to rotate concomitantly with the corresponding wheel of the iirst seh and indexing meansior concomitantl)7 directing .attention to one row ot the figures on the wheels of one and to two rows ot' the figures on the wheels of the other set, the connection between corresponding wheels of the two sets being such as to cause them to rotate in the saine direction, the ligures being applied to said wheels in an .inverse order, so that rotation such as to cause khe digits ot one wheel-to be brought tothe indexingposition in an increasing order oi magnitude will concomitantly cause the digits on the correspoinling wheel. ot the other set to be brought to the indexing' position in a decreasing order of magnitude.

T. in a computing machine. in combination, a totalizer having two sets of numberwheels, each having figures comprising a 0 and the digits l l to 9 and means for concomitantly indexing one row ot tigures oi the wheels of one ot said sets and two rows of ligures of ot said sets.

8. in a computing machine, in combination, a totalizer having two sets of numberwheels. each having figures comprisiilg a 0 and the digits l to 9, and an index having two sight-openings for concomitantly exposing one row only of the ligures on the wheels ot one of said sets and two rows oitthe figures on the wheels ol the other of said sets.

9.V in an algebraic totalizer. in combination, a series ot' devices arranged side by side, having O and the digits l to 9 inclusive, positioned at regular inter 'als in an endless path thereon, a second series of devices having thereon digital indi 'ations similar to those of the first series, means whereby digital changes ot value on the devices ot' one series will be rei'erse with respect to corresponding changes of value on the devices of the other series, and indexing means directing attention to a single row ot digits on the devices ol. one ot' said series, and, to two rows onl the divices ot the other ot said series, one o'l the last-mentioned rows showing digits complementary to the base 9 and the other showing.)r digits complementaryto the base l0. of the digits 1n the single row.

LOUIS E. GILES. iVitnesses:

CATHERINE A. NnwnLL, EDITH B. LIBBEY.

the wheels ot" the other 

